El impacto de la inteligencia emocional en la efectividad del liderazgo. Revisión
The impact of emotional intelligence on leadership effectiveness. ReviewBarra lateral del artículo
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La inteligencia emocional es la capacidad de entender y manejar adecuadamente nuestras propias emociones y las de los demás. Esta competencia comprende la gestión adecuada de los sentimientos, la empatía, la autorregulación emocional y el establecimiento de relaciones interpersonales saludables, favoreciendo el bienestar personal y social. En este sentido, el objetivo fue analizar cómo la inteligencia emocional influye en la efectividad del liderazgo. La investigación se desarrolló mediante enfoque cuantitativo, bajo un diseño longitudinal retrospectivo. Se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura en las bases de datos Scopus, Google Scholar y PubMed ara identificar estudios publicados entre 2017 y 2024 que investigaran la inteligencia emocional en la efectividad del liderazgo. En la fase de identificación, se encontraron 234 registros en bases de datos, pero 105 fueron eliminados por duplicados, problemas de legibilidad u otras razones. Se solicitó la recuperación de 54 informes, pero 15 no se pudieron recuperar. De los 39 informes evaluados para elegibilidad, se excluyeron 24. Finalmente, 15 estudios fueron incluidos en la revisión. Estos revelaron que la inteligencia emocional juega un papel crucial en la efectividad del liderazgo. Se concluyó que los líderes con alta inteligencia emocional fomentan ambientes laborales positivos, aumentando el compromiso, la satisfacción de los colaboradores y los resultados organizacionales, lo que resalta la importancia de invertir en el desarrollo de habilidades emocionales en el ámbito del liderazgo.
Emotional intelligence is the ability to understand and adequately manage our own emotions and those of others. This competence includes the adequate management of feelings, empathy, emotional self-regulation and the establishment of healthy interpersonal relationships, favoring personal and social well-being.The research was conducted using a quantitative approach, under a retrospective longitudinal design. A systematic review of the literature was carried out in the Scopus, Google Scholar, and PubMed databases to identify studies published between 2017 and 2024 that investigated emotional intelligence in leadership effectiveness. In the identification phase, 234 records were found in the databases, but 105 were eliminated due to duplicates, readability issues, or other reasons. The recovery of 54 reports was requested, but 15 could not be retrieved. Of the 39 reports evaluated for eligibility, 24 were excluded. Finally, 15 studies were included in the review. These revealed that emotional intelligence plays a crucial role in leadership effectiveness. Leaders with high emotional intelligence foster positive work environments, increasing employee engagement, satisfaction, and organizational outcomes, highlighting the importance of investing in the development of emotional skills in the field of leadership.
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