Autonomía y rendimiento psicomotriz: un análisis integral en la primera infancia
Autonomy and psychomotor performance: a comprehensive analysis in early childhoodContenido principal del artículo
El desarrollo integral en la primera infancia representa uno de los períodos más críticos en la formación del ser humano, caracterizada por la adquisición de habilidades fundamentales. El objetivo es determinar la relación que existe entre autonomía y rendimiento en el Área de Psicomotricidad, niños de 5 años, Institución Educativa San Pedro y San Pablo, Lurigancho, 2021. El enfoque es cuantitativo, descriptivo-correlacional, no experimental de corte transversal, con una muestra de 36 estudiantes de 5 años. Se empleó un cuestionario validado de 16 ítems para evaluar autonomía (α = 0.703) y registros de evaluación docente para el rendimiento psicomotriz. Los resultados muestran que el 72.22% de los participantes mostró niveles suficientes de autonomía, mientras que el 94.44% alcanzó el logro esperado en psicomotricidad. Se identificó una correlación positiva significativa entre autonomía y rendimiento psicomotriz (Rho = 0.684, p < 0.001). Se concluye que existe una relación significativa entre el desarrollo de la autonomía y las competencias psicomotrices, sugiriendo la necesidad de enfoques educativos integrados que promuevan un desarrollo holístico del niño, donde la autonomía y la psicomotricidad se refuercen mutuamente para un crecimiento saludable y una preparación efectiva para los desafíos futuros.
Comprehensive development in early childhood represents one of the most critical periods in human development, characterized by the acquisition of fundamental skills. The objective is to determine the relationship between autonomy and performance in the area of psychomotor skills in 5-year-old children at the San Pedro y San Pablo Educational Institution, Lurigancho, 2021. The approach is quantitative, descriptive-correlational, non-experimental, and cross-sectional, with a sample of 36 5-year-old students. A validated 16-item questionnaire was used to assess autonomy (α = 0.703) and teacher evaluation records for psychomotor performance. The results show that 72.22% of participants showed sufficient levels of autonomy, while 94.44% achieved the expected achievement in psychomotor skills. A significant positive correlation was identified between autonomy and psychomotor performance (Rho = 0.684, p < 0.001). It is concluded that there is a significant relationship between the development of autonomy and psychomotor skills, suggesting the need for integrated educational approaches that promote a holistic development of the child, where autonomy and psychomotricity are mutually reinforced for healthy growth and effective preparation for future challenges.
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